Fullstack Python Interview Questions for Fresher with Answers

Fullstack Python Interview Questions for Fresher with Answers – Full-stack Python development involves working on both the back-end and front-end of applications using Python and related technologies. For freshers, full-stack Python interview questions typically cover Python basics, back-end frameworks like Django or Flask, and front-end technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

You may be asked about core Python concepts like data types, loops, functions, and object-oriented programming (OOP). On the back-end, questions often focus on using Django or Flask to create web applications, handling databases with ORM tools (like Django ORM or SQLAlchemy), and building RESTful APIs.

For front-end development, you might be asked about your knowledge of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and possibly front-end frameworks like React or Angular. Questions could also involve understanding the model-template-view (MTV) architecture in Django, how to integrate front-end and back-end components, and best practices for making web applications responsive and user-friendly.

Understanding version control with Git, using virtual environments, and testing frameworks like PyTest may also be beneficial. Overall, full-stack Python interviews for freshers focus on a balanced understanding of server-side and client-side development, emphasizing the integration of Python back-end frameworks with front-end technologies.

Here the most important Fullstack Python Interview Questions for fresher with Answers .

1.What is Fullstack Python development?

Fullstack Python development involves working on both the frontend and backend of web applications using Python for the server-side and technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the client-side.

2. What is the role of a Fullstack Python Developer?

A Fullstack Python Developer works on the entire application, including backend logic, database handling, and frontend design. Commonly used tools include Django, Flask, React, and SQL or NoSQL databases.

3. What is Django?

Django is a high-level Python web framework that promotes rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. It includes features like ORM, authentication, and admin panel, making it ideal for building scalable web applications.

4. What is Flask?

Flask is a lightweight and flexible Python web framework designed for simplicity. Unlike Django, it provides minimal functionality out of the box, giving developers more control over third-party tools and libraries.

5. What is ORM in Django?

Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) in Django allows developers to interact with databases using Python objects rather than SQL queries. It translates Python classes to database tables, simplifying data access.

6. What are Django Models?

Django Models define the structure of the database in Django applications. They are Python classes representing tables in the database, with each class variable representing a field.

7. What is a View in Django?

A View in Django handles HTTP requests and returns HTTP responses. Views process data and use templates to render the response. Views can be function-based or class-based.

8. What is a Template in Django?

Templates in Django define the structure of HTML pages and allow developers to insert dynamic data using the Django template language (DTL). It separates business logic from presentation logic.

9. What is URL routing in Flask?

URL routing in Flask maps URLs to specific functions (called view functions). Using @app.route() decorators, Flask developers define routes for handling different web requests.

10. What is Jinja2?

Jinja2 is a templating engine for Flask and other Python web frameworks. It allows developers to create dynamic HTML pages by embedding Python expressions and control structures into the templates.

11. What is RESTful API?

A RESTful API follows the REST (Representational State Transfer) architectural style, allowing developers to interact with the backend using HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE.

12. What is Flask-RESTful?

Flask-RESTful is an extension for Flask that simplifies the creation of RESTful APIs by providing easy-to-use classes and functions for building API endpoints, managing requests, and handling responses.

13. What is Django Rest Framework (DRF)?

Django Rest Framework (DRF) is a powerful toolkit for building RESTful APIs using Django. It provides features like authentication, serialization, and pagination out of the box.

14. What is SQLAlchemy?

SQLAlchemy is a Python SQL toolkit and ORM used in Flask applications for interacting with databases. It provides developers with a high-level abstraction over relational databases.

15. What is Gunicorn?

Gunicorn is a Python WSGI HTTP server used to deploy Python web applications. It serves as an interface between the web application (e.g., Django or Flask) and the web server.

16. What is WSGI?

Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI) is a specification that describes how a web server should communicate with a Python web application. Both Django and Flask are WSGI-compliant.

17. What is Celery?

Celery is a distributed task queue in Python used for handling asynchronous tasks. It allows Fullstack Python developers to offload tasks like sending emails or processing background jobs.

18. What is a middleware in Django?

Middleware in Django is a component that processes requests and responses. Middleware can handle tasks like authentication, session management, and cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection.

19. What is a virtual environment in Python?

A virtual environment in Python isolates the dependencies for a specific project, ensuring that libraries and packages for one project don’t interfere with others. Tools like venv or virtualenv are commonly used.

20. What is Django ORM QuerySet?

A QuerySet is a collection of data rows retrieved from the database, represented as Django model objects. QuerySets allow developers to filter, order, and manipulate data efficiently.

21.What is CORS?

Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) is a security feature that controls how resources on a web page can be requested from another domain. Python frameworks like Flask and Django handle CORS via libraries or middleware.

22. What is unit testing in Python?

Unit testing involves testing individual components (e.g., functions or methods) of a Python application. Libraries like unittest and pytest are commonly used for writing test cases in Python.

23. What is Django Signals?

Django Signals allow certain actions to trigger events in Django applications. For example, a signal can trigger an email after a user registration. This allows decoupling between models and specific actions.

24. What is WebSocket?

A WebSocket is a communication protocol that enables real-time interaction between the client and the server. It is commonly used in Python with frameworks like Django Channels to implement features like live chat.

25. What is Django Channels?

Django Channels extends Django to handle WebSockets and other asynchronous protocols. It is used for building real-time features, such as notifications, live chats, and asynchronous task management.

26. What is ORM in Flask?

The SQLAlchemy ORM is the most common ORM used with Flask to manage database interaction. It allows developers to define database schemas and manipulate data using Python objects.

27. What is Blueprint in Flask?

Blueprints in Flask are used to structure and organize large Flask applications into smaller, reusable modules. It allows developers to separate application components by functionality.

28. What is Django’s admin interface?

Django’s admin interface is a pre-built admin panel that automatically generates a backend interface for managing application data. It allows developers to manage models, users, and site content with minimal setup.

29. What is a decorator in Python?

A decorator in Python is a function that modifies the behavior of another function or method. In Flask, decorators like @app.route() are used to define routes for handling web requests.

30. What is Jinja templating in Flask?

Jinja is a templating engine used in Flask to create dynamic HTML content. It allows developers to embed Python-like expressions and control logic within HTML templates.

31.What is session management in Django?

Session management in Django tracks user session data across multiple requests. Django stores session data on the server-side and associates it with session IDs stored on the client-side via cookies.

32. What is cross-site scripting (XSS)?

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a type of security vulnerability where malicious scripts are injected into trusted websites. Django provides mechanisms to escape HTML content and prevent XSS attacks.

33. What is AJAX?

AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) allows web applications to send and receive data from a server asynchronously, without refreshing the page. Python frameworks like Django and Flask can handle AJAX requests via JSON.

34. What is CSRF protection in Django?

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is an attack where unauthorized commands are sent from a user’s browser. Django includes built-in CSRF protection through middleware and tokens embedded in forms.

35. What is Docker?

Docker is a platform for creating, deploying, and managing containers. In Python fullstack development, Docker is used to package applications and their dependencies into portable containers.

36. What is continuous integration (CI)?

Continuous Integration (CI) is a development practice where code is automatically tested and integrated into the codebase. Tools like Jenkins and Travis CI are commonly used with Python projects to implement CI.

37. What is continuous delivery (CD)?

Continuous Delivery (CD) is the practice of automatically deploying tested code to production. CI/CD pipelines ensure that Python applications can be deployed frequently and reliably.

38. What is Django’s migration system?

Django’s migration system manages changes to the database schema over time. Migrations are created automatically when models change and are applied using python manage.py migrate.

39. What is a RESTful web service?

A RESTful web service uses HTTP and stateless operations to perform CRUD operations on resources. Fullstack Python developers often build RESTful services using Django REST Framework or Flask.

40. What is async in Python?

Async in Python enables developers to write asynchronous code that runs concurrently. The asyncio module provides support for asynchronous tasks, useful for I/O-bound operations.

41.What is a caching mechanism in Django?

A caching mechanism stores the result of expensive operations so they don’t need to be recomputed every time. Django supports caching via various backends like Memcached and Redis.

42. What is Webpack?

Webpack is a module bundler used to compile JavaScript, CSS, and other assets. It is often used in Fullstack Python development for building modern, interactive web frontends.

43. What is React?

React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. Fullstack Python developers often use React for the frontend while using Django or Flask for the backend.

44. What is API versioning in Django?

API versioning in Django allows different versions of an API to coexist, ensuring backward compatibility when making changes to the API structure.

45. What is PEP 8?

PEP 8 is the official style guide for Python code. It provides conventions for writing clean and readable code, covering topics like indentation, line length, and naming conventions.

46. What is a content delivery network (CDN)?

A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a network of distributed servers used to deliver web content to users based on their geographic location, ensuring faster load times for static assets like JavaScript, CSS, and images.

47. What is Django’s authentication system?

Django’s authentication system provides tools for user authentication, session management, and permissions. It includes features for managing user login, logout, and password reset functionality.

48. What is WebSocket communication?

WebSocket communication enables full-duplex communication between the client and server. Fullstack Python developers use libraries like Django Channels to implement WebSocket communication for real-time applications.

49. What is a microservice architecture?

A microservice architecture divides a large application into smaller, independent services. Python frameworks like Flask are commonly used for developing microservices due to their lightweight and flexible nature.

50. What is Python’s GIL?

The Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) is a mechanism in Python that allows only one thread to execute at a time. This limits Python’s performance in multi-threaded applications, although asyncio or multiprocessing can mitigate this.